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DBMS > H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.01
Rank#52  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score5.32
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#349  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
www.codenotary.com/­technologies/­immudb
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.immudb.io
DeveloperThomas MuellerCodenotary
Initial release200520012020
Current release2.1.214, June 20222.7.1, October 20221.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesJavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
H2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBImmudb
Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

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1 November 2022, The Daily Swig

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5 January 2023, Business Wire

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