DBMS > H2 vs. HBase vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HBase vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Apache Software Foundation

Stardog-Union

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2005

2008

2014

2010

2011

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Scala

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java
Python
R
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Coprocessors in Java

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights for users and roles

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