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DBMS > H2 vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websitewww.h2database.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftApache Software FoundationSTS Soft SC
Initial release20052008201620142011
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.3.4, January 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20234.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++ScalaC#
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACyesnono

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More resources
H2HBaseMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLSTSdb
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