DBMS > H2 vs. H2GIS vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. H2GIS vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Spatial extension of H2

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Widely used RDBMS

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

www.h2gis.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.oracle.com/database

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Thomas Mueller

CNRS

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Oracle

Initial release

2005

2013

2010

1980

2009

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

based on H2

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

based on H2

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

based on H2

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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