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DBMS > Greenplum vs. Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.A widely adopted in-memory data gridWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitegreenplum.orghazelcast.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.greenplum.orghazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperPivotal Software Inc.HazelcastActian CorporationMicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release200520081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20192019
Current release7.0.0, September 20235.3.6, November 202311.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases1.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infosince Version 4.2yes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoReplicated MapIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
GreenplumHazelcastIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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