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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iohsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocket Software
Initial release2010200120141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1985
Current release2.7.2, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaCC
Server operating systems.NETAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, SQLJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLUniData,UniVerse
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