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DBMS > dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Tibero vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Tibero vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.34
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­spannerus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAsthon TateGoogleTmaxSoftAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release1979201720032012
Current releasedBASE 2019, 20196, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and AssemblerJava
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)yes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositeyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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dBASEGoogle Cloud SpannerTiberoTitan
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