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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. Weaviate vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. Weaviate vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.07
Rank#372  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.stardog.comdbmx.net/­tkrzwgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
www.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.stardog.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviatedocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleStardog-UnionMikio HirabayashiWeaviate B.V.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release20172010202020192017
Current release7.3.0, May 20200.9.3, August 20201.19, May 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++GoC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeyes, maps to GraphQL interfacedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy referencesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServernoGraphQL is used as query languageyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanonoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication in HA-ClusternoneyesBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing specific database classesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesnoAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
yes
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerStardogTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetWeaviateYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerStardogTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetWeaviateYugabyteDB
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