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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#115  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgresql.orgquestdb.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleHughes TechnologiesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release201719941989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release4.4, October 202116.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCCJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannermSQL infoMini SQLPostgreSQLQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannermSQL infoMini SQLPostgreSQLQuestDB
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