DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB vs. RocksDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB vs. RocksDB vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.monetdb.org

rocksdb.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Google

MonetDB BV

Facebook, Inc.

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2017

2004

2013

2012

Current release

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in SQL, C, R

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding via remote tables

horizontal partitioning

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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