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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasequestdb.ioterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlquestdb.io/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2017201020142018
Current releaseV1211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustProlog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Graph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
News

Combine Java and Rust Code Coverage in a Polyglot Project
10 September 2024

Weather data visualization and forecasting with QuestDB, Kafka and Grafana
4 September 2024

Building a new vector based storage model
22 August 2024

Calibrating VWAP executions with QuestDB and Grafana
16 August 2024

Write Time: a call for community writers
13 August 2024

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud Enhances Spanner with Dual-Region Configuration
1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

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1 August 2024, TechCrunch

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Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure
21 May 2024, Microsoft

Modernize your database with the consolidation and retirement of Azure Database Migration tools
12 September 2024, Microsoft

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, Microsoft

General availability: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
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Getting started with delivering generative AI capabilities in SQL Server and Azure SQL
26 June 2024, Microsoft

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SQL Extensions for Time-Series Data in QuestDB
11 January 2021, Towards Data Science

QuestDB snares $12M Series A with hosted version coming soon
3 November 2021, TechCrunch

QuestDB gets $12M Series A funding amid growing interest in time-series databases
3 November 2021, SiliconANGLE News

Read the Pitch Deck Database Startup QuestDB Used to Raise $12 Million
11 November 2021, Business Insider

Comparing Different Time-Series Databases
10 February 2022, hackernoon.com

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How TerminusDB is commercializing its open source graph database
16 March 2021, VentureBeat

[MCR2030-CAMS-ARISE-UNDRR Webinar] Preventing cascading failures of critical assets: Using the Open-Source Critical Asset Management System (CAMS) to help cities become disaster and climate resilient
12 April 2022, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction

Trinity College spinout TerminusDB secures €3.6m in investment
15 March 2021, The Irish Times

Bus Terminus Update – April 26th
26 April 2021, Around DB and Life on Lantau

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