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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.18
Rank#114  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#202  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepouchdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvitess.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpouchdb.com/­guidesdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.htmlvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftApache Software FoundationOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20172010201219982013
Current releaseV127.1.1, June 2019Release 22.115.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaScriptGo
Server operating systemshostedhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptC
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLView functions in JavaScriptPL/SQLyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePouchDBTimesTenVitess
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