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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PlanetScale vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PlanetScale vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.09
Rank#178  Overall
#82  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score1.38
Rank#156  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseplanetscale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlplanetscale.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftPlanetScaleOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VoltDB Inc.
Initial release20172010202019982010
Current releaseV12Release 22.111.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoJava, C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedDocker
Linux
macOS
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyes infoproprietary syntaxPL/SQLJava
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID at shard levelACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePlanetScaleTimesTenVoltDB
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