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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Pinecone vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Pinecone vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA managed, cloud-native vector databaseA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#87  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#180  Overall
#31  Document stores
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.pinecone.iorockset.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewdocs.rockset.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftPinecone Systems, IncRocksetOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172010201920191998
Current releaseV12Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedhostedIBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesString, Number, Booleandynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoingestion from XML files supportedno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP RESTODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
PythonGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnoPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingAutomatic shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consolefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePineconeRocksetTimesTen
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