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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. StarRocks vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. StarRocks vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache DorisAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.55
Rank#80  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.95
Rank#193  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.starrocks.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_introdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023Oracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172010201220201998
Current releaseV123.3, June 2024Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++, Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedLinuxIBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnouser defined functionsPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDoptimistic lockingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Table StorageStarRocksTimesTen
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