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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. PostGIS vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. PostGIS vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSpatial extension of PostgreSQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSpatial DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbpostgis.netravendb.netwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdpostgis.net/­documentationravendb.net/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleGoogleHibernating RhinosOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172011200520101998
Current release1.23, February 20213.4.2, February 20245.4, July 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC#
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsyesPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes infobased on PostgreSQLShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes infobased on PostgreSQLMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyes infobased on PostgreSQLAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBPostGISRavenDBTimesTen
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