DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PieCloudDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PieCloudDB vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A cloud-native analytic database platform with new technologoy for elastic MPP

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#125	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.32
Rank	#289	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

janusgraph.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.openpie.com

typedb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.janusgraph.org

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

typedb.com/docs

Developer

Google

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Microsoft

OpenPie

Vaticle

Initial release

2017

2014

2016

Current release

0.6.3, February 2023

2.1, January 2023

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java
PL/SQL
Python
R

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

User Roles and pluggable authentication with full SQL Standard

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

PieCloudDB, OpenPie's flagship product, is a cutting-edge cloud-native data warehouse....
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

Extreme Elastic: PieCloudDB utilizes a cutting-edge eMPP cloud-native architecture...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

PieCloudDB is ideal for Data mining applications that require extreme scalability...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

Sail-Cloud China Shipbuilding Group Haizhou System Soochow Securities etc.,
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Licensing and pricing models

PieCloudDB Community Edition: Community License, Free Download, Self-Hosted Deployment；...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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