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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantmemgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.tarantool.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperGoogleIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Memgraph LtdVesoft Inc.VK
Initial release20172010201720192008
Current release2.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC and C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinuxLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schemaFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoSQL-like query languageFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnoyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocolAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDByes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerIBM CloudantMemgraphNebulaGraphTarantool
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIBM CloudantMemgraphNebulaGraphTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
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