DB-EnginesextremeDB - Data management wherever you need itEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.18
Rank#114  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepouchdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpouchdb.com/­guidesdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftApache Software FoundationOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172001201020121998
Current release2.7.2, June 2023V127.1.1, June 2019Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptC
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLTransact SQLView functions in JavaScriptPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePouchDBTimesTen
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud Enhances Spanner with Dual-Region Configuration
1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

General availability: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Getting started with delivering generative AI capabilities in SQL Server and Azure SQL
26 June 2024, Microsoft

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

Getting Started with PouchDB Client-Side JavaScript Database
7 September 2016, SitePoint

Create Offline Web Apps Using Service Workers & PouchDB
7 March 2017, SitePoint

Building an Offline First App with PouchDB
10 March 2014, SitePoint

provided by Google News

Oracle starts peddling Exalytics in-memory appliance
12 March 2012, The Register

SAP S&D Benchmark - The Intel Xeon E7-8800 v3 Review: The POWER8 Killer?
8 May 2015, AnandTech

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Present your product here