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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SpatiaLite vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SpatiaLite vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpatial extension of SQLiteIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleBaiduMicrosoftAlessandro FurieriOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172018201020081998
Current release0.9V125.0.0, August 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Unix
hostedserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQLnoPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowvia hugegraph-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoedges in graphyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHugeGraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpatiaLiteTimesTen
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