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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperGoogleBaiduMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2017201820101984
Current release0.9V127.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Unix
hostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeyesyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowvia hugegraph-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoedges in graphyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHugeGraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Rdb
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