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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score22.69
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticspostgis.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticspostgis.net/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20172014201620052017
Current release3.4.2, February 20242.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++CC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLuser defined functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding, horizontal partitioningyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayesyes infobased on PostgreSQLSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyesyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostGISTimescaleDB
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