DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Neo4j vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Neo4j vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.orgneo4j.comrethinkdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmlneo4j.com/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetNeo4j, Inc.The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172008200720091998
Current release2.3.4, January 20215.20, May 20242.4.1, August 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4jā€™s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nononoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlerClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseNeo4jRethinkDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more
1 June 2024

openCypher Will Pave the Road to GQL for Cypher Implementers
22 May 2024

7 Tips for Submitting Your NODES 2024 Talk
22 May 2024

How to Configure Neo4j Aura With AWS PrivateLink
21 May 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, GraphRAG, GraphQL, Chatbot and more
18 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseNeo4jRethinkDBTimesTen
DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021,  Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor) 

Why is Hadoop not listed in the DB-Engines Ranking?
13 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

show all

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future
4 August 2014, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Google's Cloud Spanner Now Spans Continents ā€¦ Like It's Supposed to Do
31 May 2024, Data Center Knowledge

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

What Is HBase?
19 August 2021, IBM

Less Components, Higher Performance: Apache Doris instead of ClickHouse, MySQL, Presto, and HBase
20 October 2023, hackernoon.com

HBase: The database big data left behind
6 May 2016, InfoWorld

Monitor Apache HBase on Amazon EMR using Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus and Amazon Managed ...
13 February 2023, AWS Blog

HydraBase ā€“ The evolution of HBase@Facebook - Engineering at Meta
5 June 2014, Facebook Engineering

provided by Google News

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Neo4j CTO says new Graph Query Language standard will have 'massive ripple effects'
26 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Neo Technology Announces Neo4j GraphDays Events in Seattle and Silicon Valley
29 May 2024, Yahoo Movies UK

Neo4j Is Planning IPO on Nasdaq, Largest Owner Greenbridge Says
15 February 2024, Bloomberg

Give Your Graph Workload a Cost-Performance Boost with Neo4j and AWS Graviton | Amazon Web Services
27 September 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

An introduction to building realtime apps with RethinkDB
9 July 2022, devm.io

How to Use RethinkDB with Node.js Applications ā€” SitePoint
16 December 2015, SitePoint

Stripe acquires team behind NoSQL database startup RethinkDB
5 October 2016, VentureBeat

MongoDB: The Popular Database for IoT
15 August 2023, Open Source For You

RethinkDB's Open Source NoSQL Now Production-Ready
14 April 2015, Data Center Knowledge

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here