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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversql.js.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2017200819892012
Current release2.3.4, January 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseMicrosoft SQL ServerSQL.JS
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