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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Interbase vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Interbase vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonInterbase  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableLight-weight proven RDBMS infooriginally from BorlandHigh performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.08
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.orgwww.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasekx.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasecode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetEmbarcaderoKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2017200819842000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.3.4, January 2021InterBase 2020, December 20193.6, May 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCqC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Android
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoexport as XML data possibleyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesSQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoInterbase procedure and trigger languageuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyes infowith viewsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Interbase Change ViewsSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMultiversion concurreny controlyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseInterbaseKdbPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseInterbaseKdbPostgreSQL
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