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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Pinecone vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Pinecone vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spatial extension of H2Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA managed, cloud-native vector databaseAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#87  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.pinecone.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleCNRSMicrosoftPinecone Systems, IncOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172013201020191998
Current releaseV12Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedIBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
PythonC
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infobased on H2Transact SQLPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infobased on H2yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2GISMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePineconeTimesTen
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