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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Solr vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Solr vs. TerarkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comsolr.apache.orggithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerApache Software FoundationByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release2017200520062016
Current release2.2.220, July 20239.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava pluginsno
Triggersnoyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDoptimistic lockingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2SolrTerarkDB
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