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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. LokiJS vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. LokiJS vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.In-memory JavaScript DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergreenplum.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSorientdb.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperGooglePivotal Software Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2017200520142010
Current release7.0.0, September 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APITinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesView functions in JavaScriptJava, Javascript
TriggersnoyesyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGreenplumLokiJSOrientDB
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