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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.59
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergreenplum.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.greenplum.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperGooglePivotal Software Inc.GoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.TmaxSoft
Initial release20172005201120042003
Current release7.0.0, September 20231.23, February 20216, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC and Assembler
Server operating systemshostedLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoyesPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationnonenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGreenplumLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTibero
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