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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Well established RDBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergreenplum.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingrestrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.immudb.iodocs.actian.com/­ingrestrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGooglePivotal Software Inc.CodenotaryActian CorporationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2017200520201974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2014
Current release7.0.0, September 20231.2.3, April 202211.2, May 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like syntaxyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoyesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationIngres Replicatoryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGreenplumImmudbIngresTrafodion
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