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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable vs. Immudb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable vs. Immudb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webhsqldb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iohsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.immudb.io
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisHypertable Inc.Codenotary
Initial release20172006200120092020
Current release2.7.2, June 20230.9.8.11, March 20161.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonJavaC++Go
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesnoSQL-like syntax
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava, SQLnono
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenoneselectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphiteHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBHypertableImmudb
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