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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. InfinityDB vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. InfinityDB vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeGraph DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.07
Rank#359  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.44
Rank#80  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comboilerbay.comneo4j.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualneo4j.com/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextBoiler Bay Inc.Neo4j, Inc.OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release20172000200220072009
Current release10.4, October 20234.05.19, April 20243.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, ScalaErlang
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenerestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnonono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsErlang
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handleryes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes infoRelationships in graphsno infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes, using Riak Security
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMInfinityDBNeo4jRiak KV
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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