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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.iojanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release2017201020172016
Current release0.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaC++
Server operating systemshosted.NETLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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