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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.49
Rank#79  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.81
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#99  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#99  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgresql.orgtypedb.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docstypedb.com/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVaticleYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20162017
Current release16.2, February 20242.26.3, January 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoby using CassandraHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastorePostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastorePostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknYugabyteDB
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