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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used RDBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.oracle.com/­databasequestdb.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasequestdb.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleOracleQuestDB Technology IncOpenLink Software
Initial release2008198020141998
Current release23c, September 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App EnginePL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocan be realized in PL/SQLnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastoreOracleQuestDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Performance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Used for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreOracleQuestDBVirtuoso
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