DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SQLite vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SQLite vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database server

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Document store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#259	Overall
	#120	Relational DBMS
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

raima.com

www.sqlite.org

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.raima.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

Raima Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2019

1984

2000

2018

Current release

15, June 2021

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Strong typed schema

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Exporting/Importing of XML structures possible

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

user defined functions

yes

based on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specification

yes

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication

none

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
» more

News

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.