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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWell established RDBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.kingbase.com.cnwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleActian CorporationBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s19992014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release11.2, May 2022V8.0, August 202110 R1, October 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and JavaCC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yesStandard with numerous extensionsyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyhorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioninghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosIngres ReplicatoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreIngresKingbasePostgres-XLPostgreSQL
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