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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformDistributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelDocument storeEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storedoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleIBMDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2008201720131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release2.016.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++CClojure
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App EngineyesJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosActive-active shard replicationyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesNo - written data is immutableyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreIBM Db2 Event StoreNuoDBPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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