DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Document store

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.13
Rank	#71	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#345	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Score	2.48
Rank	#108	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Google

Hypertable Inc.

Microsoft

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2008

2009

2014

2009

2017

Current release

0.9.8.11, March 2016

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

hosted

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

C++ API
Thrift

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

TinkerPop 3

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Groovy
Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

JavaScript

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

selectable replication factor on file system level

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

none

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more

Competitive advantages

PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more

Market metrics

2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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