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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorehsqldb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.postgresql.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.immudb.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperGoogleCodenotaryPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocket Software
Initial release2008200120201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1985
Current release2.7.2, June 20231.2.3, April 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoCC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yesSQL-like syntaxyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App EngineJava, SQLnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesnoyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBImmudbPostgreSQLUniData,UniVerse
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