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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA widely adopted in-memory data gridWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorehazelcast.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastActian CorporationMicrosoft
Initial release200820081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20192005
Current release5.3.6, November 202311.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infoEventsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoReplicated MapIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQL

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreHazelcastIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGIS
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