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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformSpatial extension of H2Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homelearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleCNRSMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2008201320142014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release10 R1, October 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yesSQL-like query languageyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineyes infobased on H2JavaScriptuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineyesJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infobased on H2yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreH2GISMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgres-XLPostgreSQL
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