DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. RDF4J vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. RDF4J vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#379	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.h2database.com

www.hawkular.org

rdf4j.org

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Google

Thomas Mueller

Community supported by Red Hat

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2008

2005

2014

2004

2011

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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