DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. Tibero
System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. Tibero
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Name | Google Cloud Bigtable Xexclude from comparison | NuoDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RRDtool Xexclude from comparison | Tibero Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail. | NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time. | A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Key-value store Wide column store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Time Series DBMS | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | cloud.google.com/bigtable | www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database | www.postgresql.org | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool | us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs | doc.nuodb.com | www.postgresql.org/docs | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc | technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Dassault Systèmes originally NuoDB, Inc. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Tobias Oetiker | TmaxSoft | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2015 | 2013 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 1999 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 16.3, May 2024 | 1.8.0, 2022 | 6, April 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial limited edition free | Open Source BSD | Open Source GPL V2 and FLOSS | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | C++ | C | C Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available | C and Assembler | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | hosted | hosted Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | HP-UX Linux | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | no | yes | yes | Numeric data only | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | no | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API HappyBase (Python library) HBase compatible API (Java) | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | in-process shared library Pipes | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) Tibero CLI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | .Net C C++ Go Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C with librrd library C# with a different implementation of RRDTool Java with a different implementation of RRDTool JavaScript (Node.js) with a different implementation of RRDTool Lua Perl PHP with a wrapper library Python Ruby | C C# C++ Cobol Java Objective-C Perl PHP Python Ruby Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | Java, SQL | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | horizontal partitioning by range, hash, list or composite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones | yes Managed transparently by NuoDB | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | none | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters) | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | none | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Atomic single-row operations | ACID tunable commit protocol | ACID | no | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes MVCC | yes | yes by using the rrdcached daemon | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes Temporary table | no | yes | no planned for next version | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Google Cloud Bigtable | NuoDB | PostgreSQL | RRDtool | Tibero | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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