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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. openGauss vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. openGauss vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by HuaweiVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score1.11
Rank#175  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
gitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleVesoft Inc.Huawei and openGauss communityOpenLink Software
Initial release2015201920191998
Current release3.0, March 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, C++, JavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemayesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageANSI SQL 2011yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphopenGaussVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableNebulaGraphopenGaussVirtuoso
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