DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splice Machine vs. VoltDB
System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splice Machine vs. VoltDB
| Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Google Cloud Bigtable Xexclude from comparison | MySQL Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Splice Machine Xexclude from comparison | VoltDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail. | Widely used open source RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark | Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Key-value store Wide column store | Relational DBMS Key/Value like access via memcached API | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | cloud.google.com/bigtable | www.mysql.com | www.postgresql.org | splicemachine.com | www.voltdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs | dev.mysql.com/doc | www.postgresql.org/docs | splicemachine.com/how-it-works | docs.voltdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Oracle since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Splice Machine | VoltDB Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2015 | 1995 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2014 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.4.0, April 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | 3.1, March 2021 | 11.3, April 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available | Open Source BSD | Open Source AGPL 3.0, commercial license available | Open Source AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup. |
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| Implementation language | C and C++ | C | Java | Java, C++ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | Linux OS X for development | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | yes only a subset of SQL 99 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API HappyBase (Python library) HBase compatible API (Java) | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC Native Spark Datasource ODBC | Java API JDBC RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python R Scala | C# C++ Erlang not officially supportedGo Java JavaScript Node.jsPHP Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes proprietary syntax | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes Java | Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no | no | Yes, via Full Spark Integration | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters) | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | yes | no FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Atomic single-row operations | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID | ACID | ACID Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes table locks or row locks depending on storage engine | yes | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes Data access is serialized by the server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes Snapshots and command logging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard | Users and roles with access to stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendorWe invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Google Cloud Bigtable | MySQL | PostgreSQL | Splice Machine | VoltDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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