DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	4.25
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

orientdb.org

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Google

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

SAP

formerly Sybase

Initial release

2015

1989

2010

1992

2017

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

17, July 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, Javascript

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

yes

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

could be achieved with distributed queries

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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