DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ReductStore vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ReductStore vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	5.18
Rank	#63	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#7	Search engines

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#384	Overall
	#44	Time Series DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.marklogic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

github.com/reductstore
www.reduct.store

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.marklogic.com

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

www.reduct.store/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

ReductStore LLC

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2015

2001

2016

2023

2000

Current release

11.0, December 2022

1.9, March 2024

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Business Source License 1.1

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.