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DBMS > dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Well established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.34
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsquestdb.io
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperAsthon TateGoogleActian CorporationMicrosoftQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release197920151974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162014
Current releasedBASE 2019, 201911.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noyesTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesIngres ReplicatoryesSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
dBASEGoogle Cloud BigtableIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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