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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score3.05
Rank#97  Overall
#17  Document stores
#16  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablegreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperGooglePivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftOracle
Initial release20152005201620112017
Current release7.0.0, September 202324.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationyesElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnowith Hadoop integrationyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infooff heap cacheno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access control

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle NoSQLTigerGraph
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